Need gardiners help. Suggestions please with pic

I'd like to actually try planting some flowers or flowering bushes this year. But i stink at this. I have no idea where to start.

1- what kind of soil and fertilizer do you use?

2- any suggestions on flowers, bushes etc to use in these pics?

A- this is our backyard. Fully fenced in. 2 kids and 1 dog (in case that sways your answers).


B- by our shed. fully fenced in. The right side is all shade all day.


C- our back landing in the backyard.


D- side of our house where deer can get to.


thanks if you've gotten this far. I usually kill things, so easy maintenance would be good.